中国钢铁工业的低碳发展关乎社会文明
"So far, the global temperature has increased by only 1 ° C, but there are more and more wildfires, heat waves, hurricanes, and floods everywhere. Scientists said that according to current trends, global temperatures will rise by about 3-4 ° C by the end of this century This will inevitably trigger more extreme weather, which will cause a fatal blow to social civilization. "At the 2019 (eighth) China Steel Technology and Economy High-end Forum, Zhao Pei, executive vice-chairman of the Chinese Society of Metals, said: The topic of “Low-Carbon Development Road” explains the achievements and challenges of China ’s carbon emission reduction. It focuses on the analysis and analysis of the current state and development trend of the carbon emission reduction technology of the iron and steel industry, as well as the short process of electric furnace steelmaking.
According to 2014 data, the world ’s carbon dioxide emissions were 32.4 billion tons, with China accounting for 28.2%, ranking first in the world. In November last year, the annual report of the United Nations Environment Programme stated that after global carbon dioxide emissions experienced a three-year stable period, the growth trend again in 2017, and countries need to take large-scale "iron-fist actions." Therefore, Zhao Pei emphasized that the situation of compulsory reduction of carbon dioxide will inevitably come. This will "force" steel companies to develop and apply low-carbon technologies, and develop electric furnaces in a timely, orderly and scientific manner under the premise of total amount control. Steelmaking process.
According to Zhao Pei, the current low-carbon BAT (short for Best Practical Technology) mainly includes efficient use of resources, efficient conversion of energy, energy-saving emission reduction processes, green products throughout the life cycle, green logistics, etc. Aspects of technology. Academician Yin Ruiyu of the Chinese Academy of Engineering has been emphasizing the three major functions of an iron and steel conglomerate for many years. A steel conglomerate with an annual output of 8 to 9 million tons can provide a 900,000 kilowatt power plant in addition to steel products. The waste slag can provide a 3.5 million tons cement plant.
Japanese steel companies also have similar calculations and practices. Taking Nippon Steel and Sumitomo as an example, the iron and steel company has an annual output of 42.62 million tons of steel, with a gas utilization rate of 100%, water regeneration and recycling utilization rates of 90%, and secondary resources. The utilization rate is 99%, and the secondary energy self-generation rate and waste heat steam recovery utilization rate in the plant are also increased to 81%.
Zhao Pei said that another aspect of the low-carbon development of the steel industry is the scientific development of electric furnace short-process steel. In 2018, the global electric furnace steel accounted for about 46.9% (excluding China), China's electric furnace steel accounted for only 9.8%, and the U.S. electric furnace steel accounted for more than 60%, which was mainly due to the rich scrap steel resources and cheap electricity in the United States. supply. Zhao Pei pointed out that since the beginning of this century, China's industrialization has developed rapidly. Some large-scale scrap resources have emerged. In 2018, domestic scrap supply was about 200 million tons, an increase of 10%. According to estimates, China's scrap supply will exceed 2.5 in 2025. 100 million tons, the development of short electric furnace processes, has a very important role in improving China's steel production structure and resource structure, reducing energy consumption.